Kev tiv thaiv relay yog dab tsi?
Feb 28, 2024
Thaum lub zog hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov kab, thiab lwm yam) lossis lub zog hluav taws xob nws tus kheej tsis ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub luag haujlwm xa cov teeb liab ceeb toom raws sijhawm, lossis ncaj qha mus rau kev tswj ntawm lub Circuit Court breaker xa ib qho kev mus ncig ua si kom xaus kev txhim kho ntawm cov xwm txheej no ib qho kev ntsuas thiab khoom siv. Realization ntawm no automation ntsuas ua tiav cov khoom siv, feem ntau hu ua relay tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej.
Hauv qhov teeb meem no, peb yuav qhia meej txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay, cov kev xav tau yooj yim, cov haujlwm yooj yim, kev faib tawm, thiab kev txheeb xyuas qhov txhaum, thiab nws txoj kev kho.
- Cov Ntsiab Cai
- Yam yuav tsum tau muaj
- Cov hauj lwm yooj yim
- Kev faib tawm
- Exceptions Analysis Ntawm Feem Faults Hauv Kev Tiv Thaiv Relay
- Cov Txheej Txheem Thiab Kev Ntsuas Los daws Cov Kev Tiv Thaiv Relay Faults
Cov hauv qab no yog cov qauv kev nyeem ntawv ntawm tsab xov xwm no, yog tias koj yog tus tshiab rau kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv relay, nws raug nquahu kom koj nyeem tag nrho tsab xov xwm ntsiag to, uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj los txhim kho koj txoj kev paub hauv txoj hauv kev. . Yog tias koj twb muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm thaj chaw no, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav ncaj qha rau qhov koj xav nyeem.
1. Cov Ntsiab Cai
Covmicrocomputer tiv thaiv relay testeryuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv yog nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua haujlwm lossis ua tsis tiav, thiab seb nws puas yog qhov txhaum hauv cheeb tsam tiv thaiv lossis sab nraud. Yuav kom paub txog qhov haujlwm no, lubtiv thaiv relay xeem ntaus ntawvyuav tsum tau tsim raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob lub cev muaj nuj nqi hloov ua ntej thiab tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm faults nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim system.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntau ntawm lub zog zaus tom qab muaj kev txhaum tshwm sim hauv lub zog hluav taws xob yog:
1) Tam sim no nce
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov ua txhaum thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm luv luv yuav nce los ntawm cov khoom thauj tam sim no kom dhau qhov load tam sim no.
2) Voltage txo
Thaum ib theem-rau-theem luv-circuit thiab grounded short-circuit txhaum tshwm sim, theem-rau-theem voltage lossis theem voltage tus nqi ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub kaw lus txo, thiab qhov ze rau qhov luv-circuit point, qhov qis dua. hluav taws xob.
3) Lub kaum sab xis hloov ntawm tam sim no thiab voltage
Lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm yog lub zog ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub load, uas feem ntau yog li 20 degree, thiab thaum lub sijhawm peb-theem luv luv, lub kaum sab xis ntawm tam sim no thiab voltage yog txiav txim los ntawm lub impedance lub kaum sab xis kab, uas feem ntau yog 60 degree mus rau 85 degree, thaum lub sij hawm peb-theem luv luv-circuit nyob rau hauv lub opposite kev taw qhia ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev taw qhia, lub kaum sab xis ntawm tam sim no thiab voltage yog 180 degree + (60 degree rau 85 degree).
4) Kev ntsuas impedance hloov
Kev ntsuas impedance yog qhov piv ntawm qhov voltage thiab tam sim no ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas (kev tiv thaiv kev teeb tsa). Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm, qhov ntsuas impedance yog qhov load impedance; Thaum lub sij hawm metallic luv-circuit, ntsuas impedance hloov mus rau kab impedance, thiab ntsuas impedance txo qis heev tom qab qhov txhaum, thaum lub impedance lub kaum sab xis nce.
Asymmetrical luv luv Circuit Court, theem ib ntus Cheebtsam, xws li ob-theem thiab ib-theem grounded luv luv Circuit Court, tsis zoo ib ntus tam sim no thiab tsis zoo ib ntus voltage Cheebtsam; single-theem grounded, tsis zoo ib ntus thiab xoom kab ke tam sim no thiab voltage Cheebtsam. Cov khoom no tsis tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Siv cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm luv luv-circuit faults, ntau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay tuaj yeem tsim tau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv rau qhov kev tiv thaiv saum toj no ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ntau zaus hluav taws xob, tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv reacting rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis yog kev lag luam, xws li kev tiv thaiv roj.
2. Yam yuav tsum tau muaj
Txhawm rau ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm, ib qhontse tiv thaiv relay testeryuav tsum technically ua tau raws li plaub yam kev cai ntawm kev xaiv, ceev ceev, rhiab heev, thiab kev ntseeg tau. Rau lub luag hauj lwm ntawm relay tripping relay tiv thaiv, kuj yuav tsum tau raws li plaub yam kev cai, thaum lub luag hauj lwm ntawm signaling thiab tsuas yog muaj kev cuam tshuam qhov txawv txav ntawm lub relay tiv thaiv ntaus ntawv, ib co ntawm cov plaub theem pib yuav tsum tau txo. Sim kom paub seb qhov kev tiv thaiv relay no puas yuav pab tau koj hauv koj txoj haujlwm, nyem rau ntawm lub txiv kab ntxwv bolded font coj mus rau cov khoom.
2.1 Kev xaiv
Selectivity txhais tau hais tias thaum lub sij hawm luv luv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv los yog kab nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim system, nws relay tiv thaiv tsuas yog tshem tawm cov faulty khoom los yog kab ntawm lub hwj chim system, thiab thaum lub sij hawm tiv thaiv los yog Circuit Court breaker ntawm lub faulty khoom los yog kab tsis kam ua hauj lwm. , qhov txhaum yuav tsum raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los yog kab.
2.2 Quick-acting
Kev ua haujlwm ceev yog hais txog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay yuav tsum tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov txhaum sai li sai tau, txo lub sijhawm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov neeg siv hauv kev ua haujlwm siab tam sim no, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv, thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov system parallel ua haujlwm.
Faults uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai sai yog:
1. Nqa qhov hluav taws xob busbar ntawm lub tshuab fais fab lossis cov neeg siv tseem ceeb hauv qab tus nqi zoo (feem ntau 0.7 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob).
2. Internal faults ntawm loj-muaj peev xwm generators, transformers thiab motors.
3. Nruab nrab thiab qis-voltage kab conductor cross-section yog me me, kom tsis txhob overheating thiab tsis pub ncua kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov txhaum.
4. Kev ua txhaum cai uas yuav ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev sib txuas lus.
Lub sijhawm tshem tawm tsis raug suav nrog microcomputer tiv thaiv relay tester thiab Circuit Court breaker lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ceev ceev ntawm {{0}}}04s ~ 0.08s , qhov ceev tshaj plaws mus txog rau {{10}}.01s ~ 0.04s, qhov dav dav Circuit Court breaker tripping lub sij hawm ntawm 0.06s ~ 0.15s, ceev tshaj mus txog 0.02s ~ 0.06s.
Cov lus teb rau kev ua haujlwm txawv txav ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua sai sai tab sis yuav tsum yog los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm kev xaiv, nrog kev ncua ntawm lub teeb liab.
2.3 Kev xav
rhiab heev yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay test ntaus ntawv kom hnov mob thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam luv luv lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tshwm sim hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv lossis kab, thiab qhov rhiab ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog ntsuas los ntawm rhiab heev coefficient.
Muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay, nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev ua txhaum, tsis hais qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw luv luv thiab hom luv luv, nrog rau qhov luv luv ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv, tuaj yeem ua tau. kom raug teb rau qhov kev txiav txim, uas yog, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws hom ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub system muaj peev xwm ntseeg tau ua nyob rau hauv peb-theem luv luv-circuit, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub system nyob rau hauv lub me tshaj hom ntawm kev ua hauj lwm tom qab kev hloov tsis kam ntawm lub system. loj dua ob-theem lossis ib-theem luv-circuit txhaum tuaj yeem ua tau zoo.
Qhov system siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm hom:
Thaum kawg ntawm txoj kab tiv thaiv luv luv, qhov sib npaug impedance ntawm lub kaw lus raug txo qis, thiab qhov luv luv tam sim no los ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
System yam tsawg kawg nkaus ua haujlwm hom:
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm luv-circuit txhaum, qhov system sib npaug impedance yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, thiab qhov luv luv tam sim no los ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
2.4 Kev ntseeg tau
Kev ntseeg tau suav nrog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv relay.
1) Kev nyab xeeb
Yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv relay kom txhim khu kev qha thiab tsis ua haujlwm thaum nws tsis tas yuav tsum ua, piv txwv li tsis muaj kev dag ntxias.
2) Kev ntseeg tau
Cov kev xav tau rau kev tiv thaiv relay nyob rau hauv lub Scope ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv tau tshwm sim thaum qhov txhaum yuav tsum tau ua, txhim khu kev qha kev txiav txim, uas yog, tsis kam ua.
Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tsis kam lees ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub zog hluav taws xob, txawm tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm thiab tsis kam lees ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev kuj tseem yuav hloov.
Plaub qhov kev xav tau yooj yim saum toj no yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim, teeb tsa, thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay, thiab yog lub hauv paus rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas kev tiv thaiv relay. Plaub qhov kev cai yooj yim no muaj kev sib txheeb tab sis feem ntau tsis sib haum.Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, raws li cov qauv ntawm daim phiaj thiab qhov xwm ntawm tus neeg siv, dialectical unification.
3. Cov haujlwm yooj yim
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob relay yog:
1. Tsis siv neeg, ceev, xaiv tshem tawm cov faulty Cheebtsam los ntawm lub hwj chim system, kom cov faulty Cheebtsam txuas ntxiv mus puas, xyuas kom meej tias lwm yam uas tsis yog-faulty qhov chaw ntawm lub ceev ceev rov qab mus rau ib txwm ua hauj lwm.
2. Kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas (xws li muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua) thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv lub teeb liab, kom cov tub ceev xwm ua haujlwm raws sijhawm, lossis los ntawm kev ua haujlwm. ntaus ntawv hloov kho, lossis yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau cov uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib tsoo kom raug tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub sijhawm no, feem ntau tsis tas yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm sai, tab sis raws li qib ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub zog hluav taws xob thiab nws cov khoom siv los muab kev ncua sijhawm, kom tsis txhob khiav mus ib ntus los ntawm kev tsis tsim nyog thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kev ua cuav.
3. Relay tiv thaiv cov khoom siv kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv nrog lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, thaum muaj xwm txheej tso cai, siv cov kev ntsuas ua ntej kom txo lub sijhawm sib tsoo, kom sai li sai tau los kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yog li txhim kho kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. kev ua haujlwm.
4. Kev faib tawm
Kev tiv thaiv relay tuaj yeem faib ua plaub yam hauv qab no:
1. Raws li covtiv thaiv khoomkev faib tawm
Muaj kev tiv thaiv kab sib kis thiab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tiv thaiv (xws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob, hloov pauv, tsheb npav, reactors, capacitors thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv).
2. Raws li covkev tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqikev faib tawm
Muaj kev tiv thaiv luv-circuit txhaum thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov qub tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev pabcuam; tom kawg tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev tiv thaiv overload, poob ntawm kev tiv thaiv hlau nplaum, kev tiv thaiv tawm ntawm cov kauj ruam, kev tiv thaiv tsawg zaus, thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm puv.
3. Raws li covntaus ntawv tiv thaiv rau kev sib pivthiabkev ua lej lej ntawm lub teeb liabtus nqi ntawm kev faib tawm
Analog thiab digital tiv thaiv, tag nrho cov electromechanical, rectifier-hom, transistor-hom, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke-hom (kev ua haujlwm amplifiers) tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej, ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov tswv yim teeb liab txuas ntxiv analog, yog kev tiv thaiv analog; microprocessor thiab microcomputer tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej, lawv hnov mob rau cov qauv piv txwv thiab analog / digital hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom sib cais digital, uas yog kev tiv thaiv digital.
4. Raws li covkev tiv thaiv txoj cai ntawm kev uakev faib tawm
Kev tiv thaiv tam sim no, kev tiv thaiv tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv dhau-voltage, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv kev deb, kev tiv thaiv kev sib txawv, kev tiv thaiv ntev, kev tiv thaiv roj, thiab lwm yam.
5. Kev zam
Thaum muaj qhov txawv txav lossis qhov tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay, ntxiv rau kev ntxiv dag zog rau kev saib xyuas, kev tiv thaiv uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj qhov yuam kev ntawm lub phaj siab tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd hu rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv relay tiv thaiv.
Yog tias ib qho kev txawv txav hauv qab no tshwm sim, txhua yam yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm:
1. Kev tiv thaiv sib txawv
Thaum muab cov cim ntawm "differential AC disconnection" thiab "differential DC voltage disappearance"; thaum qhov sib txawv tsis sib npaug tam sim no tsis yog xoom; thiab thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ntawm tandem kab khiav hauj lwm ntawm busbar hloov tsis muaj nplooj siab bypass busbar thiab kev kho ntawm reversing lag luam.
2. Kev tiv thaiv ntau zaus
Thaum DC fais fab mov ploj; thaum cov kev ntsuas channel tsis tu ncua tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua; thaum lub cuab yeej ua tsis tau lossis lub teeb liab tsis zoo ntawm cov channel raug muab thiab rov qab tsis tau; thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm bypass tsheb npav hloov pauv sawv cev ntawm kab hloov.
3. Kev tiv thaiv kev deb
Thaum tus saws PT rho tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm lossis qhov hluav taws xob peb-theem hluav taws xob raug txiav; thaum lub auxiliary magnetic tam sim no loj dhau los yog me me dhau rau hauv ib txwm muaj; thiab thaum lub load tam sim no tshaj qhov sib thooj ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv tam sim no.
4. Microcomputer tiv thaiv
Lub tswb tag nrho yog nyob rau, thiab tib lub sij hawm ib qho ntawm plaub kev tiv thaiv (siab zaus, nyob deb, xoom sequences, comprehensive yuag) lub tswb tswb yog nyob rau, tawm ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv; yog tias ob lub CPU ua tsis tiav, tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cuab yeej yuav tsum raug tshem tawm; tswb plug-in tag nrho cov teeb liab tsis teeb, thiab yog hais tias lub hwj chim mov teeb qhia teeb tawm, qhia tias DC ploj lawm, nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm lub export siab phaj thiab muab tso rau nws rov qab mus rau hauv lub lag luam tom qab lub restoration ntawm lub DC. fais fab mov; Tag nrho lub tswb nrov thiab lub teeb hu-tawm yog nyob rau, thiab cov ntawv luam tawm CPU x ERR teeb liab, xws li CPU yog qhov qub, qhia tias kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab interface CPU yog qhov txawv txav, tawm ntawm CPU tshuaj xyuas hloov ua haujlwm, yog tias lub teeb liab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los, qhia tias muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv CPU, nws yuav tsum tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv tawm platen thiab disconnect qhov kev soj ntsuam hloov ua haujlwm.
5. Kev tiv thaiv roj
Hauv kev ua haujlwm transformer thaum refueling, roj lim, lossis hloov silica gel; submerged roj twj lossis roj txias (radiator) muab tso rau hauv cov roj tom qab kho dua; yuav tsum tau qhib lub tshuab ua pa ntawm lub qhov rooj los ntshav los yog roj ntsaws los yog ntxuav cov dej noo absorber; on-load siab regulator hloov roj thaum ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm.
6. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua txhaum ntau hauv kev tiv thaiv relay
1. Tam sim no transformer saturation txhaum
Lub saturation ntawm tam sim no transformer muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau lub hwj chim system relay tiv thaiv. Nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob faib khoom kawg, yog tias qhov luv luv tshwm sim, qhov luv luv Circuit Court tam sim no yuav loj heev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub kaw lus luv-circuit nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ze rau thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg, qhov tam sim no tuaj yeem ncav cuag lossis mus txog ntau dua 100 npaug ntawm ib qho kev ntsuas tam sim no ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug luv luv-circuit, qhov loj dua qhov tam sim no transformer yuam kev yog nrog cov thawj short-circuit tam sim no multiplier nce, thaum tam sim no txaus tiv thaiv kom lub rhiab heev yog txo yuav tiv thaiv qhov kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv txoj kab luv luv, vim yog tam sim no transformer tam sim no saturation, thiab dua sensing lub thib ob tam sim no yog me me los yog ze rau xoom, kuj yuav ua rau lub sij hawm tas sij hawm overcurrent tiv thaiv ntaus ntawv tsis tuaj yeem pib qhov kev txiav txim. Thaum txoj kab tawm hauv qhov kev faib tawm overcurrent tiv thaiv tsis kam ua thiab ua rau kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kab mob, yuav ua rau tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawm hluav taws xob.
2. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hloov tsis tsim nyog
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, tam sim no feem ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub siab load ceev ntawm cheeb tsam los tsim ib tug switching chaw nres tsheb, uas yog, kev siv ntawm substations - switching chaw nres tsheb - faib transformer fais fab kis hom. Hauv kev hloov chaw nres tsheb uas tsis tau muaj kev tiv thaiv relay automation, load keyboards lossis relay cov cuab yeej siv ua ke nrog lawv yuav tsum tau siv ntau dua li kev hloov khoom siv tiv thaiv.
7. Cov txheej txheem thiab kev ntsuas los daws cov kev tiv thaiv relay tsis raug
7.1 Cov hau kev ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv relay faults
1) Hloov txoj kev
Siv cov khoom tsis zoo los hloov cov khoom siv uas tau txheeb xyuas tias qhov tsis zoo los txiav txim siab seb nws puas yog qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo, tuaj yeem nqaim sai sai ntawm qhov kev nrhiav txhaum;
2) Cov txheej txheem siv
Los ntawm kev sib piv cov txheej txheem kev tsis sib xws ntawm cov cuab yeej ib txwm muaj thiab cov khoom siv txawv txav, pom qhov ua txhaum ntawm cov khoom siv txawv txav. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv los tshuaj xyuas qhov yuam kev ntawm kev xaim, cov nqi ruaj khov calibration txheej txheem ntsuas tus nqi, thiab tus nqi xav tau ntawm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov txhaum. Thaum cov kab hluav taws xob thib ob tsis tuaj yeem rov qab kho kom raug tom qab hloov kho thiab hloov khoom siv, kev xaim ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo sib xws tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau. Nyob rau hauv lub relay calibration, yog hais tias koj pom ib tug relay xeem tus nqi thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov sib txawv yog nyob deb, lub sij hawm no, tsis tau yooj yim txiav txim, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub relay yog tsis zoo, thiab yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no. qhov ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov relay, tib lub meter tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas tib lub voj voog ntawm lwm cov relay zoo sib xws rau kev sib piv;
3) Txoj kev luv luv
Ib ntu ntawm lub voj voog lossis ib feem ntawm lub voj voog nrog lub xov hlau luv luv, txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb qhov txhaum puas muaj nyob rau hauv cov xaim luv luv lossis lwm qhov chaw, txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog qhov txhaum. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm, tam sim no Circuit Court qhib Circuit Court, thiab hloov relay tsis ua haujlwm, los txiav txim seb qhov kev hloov pauv kev sib cuag puas lawm.
7.2 Kev ntsuas los xyuas kom meej lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay
Tsim nyog cov neeg ua haujlwm, kom cov neeg ua haujlwm teem sijhawm thiab kev pabcuam tuaj yeem ua tau zoo, cov neeg ua haujlwm paub meej cov hom phiaj ua haujlwm, kom ntseeg tau tias lub zog ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj; txhim kho cov kev cai thiab cov kev cai, raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev tiv thaiv relay, txhim kho thiab ua kom tiav cov kev cai thiab cov kev cai rau kev khiav hauj lwm thiab kev tswj ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, relay tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv, kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txij nkawm, kev soj ntsuam kev huam yuaj, raws sij hawm calibration, defects tuav thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau maj mam tswj xyuas lub computer mus txog qhovtwg thiab tshuaj xyuas, kev soj ntsuam nruj me ntsis, kev ua raws li qhov khoom plig thiab kev rau txim; Kev siv cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam rau cov khoom siv thib ob, rau kev sib koom ua ke automation substation, yooj yim kom paub txog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas.
